By Jack E. Rechcigl, Nancy A. Rechcigl
Insect pest regulate is still a problem for agricultural manufacturers and researchers. Insect resistance to everyday insecticides and the elimination of poisonous insecticides from the marketplace have taken their toll at the skill of agricultural manufacturers to supply prime quality, pest-free plants inside reasonable potential. as well as this, they need to now not endanger their employees or the environment.We depend upon agriculture for nutrients, feed, and fiber, making it a vital a part of our financial system. many of us take agriculture without any consideration whereas voicing trouble over hostile results of agricultural construction practices at the setting. Insect Pest administration provides a balanced evaluation of environmentally secure and ecologically sound practices for handling insects.This ebook covers particular ecological measures, environmentally applicable actual regulate measures, use of chemical insecticides, and a close account of agronomic and different cultural practices. it's also a bankruptcy on cutting-edge built-in pest administration dependent, a piece on organic regulate, and finally a piece dedicated to criminal and legislative issues.Insect Pest administration methods its topic in a scientific and finished demeanour. It serves as an invaluable source for execs within the fields of entomology, agronomy, horticulture, ecology, and environmental sciences, in addition to to agricultural manufacturers, commercial chemists, and other people fascinated about regulatory and legislative matters.
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Additional info for Insect Pest Management: Techniques for Environmental Protection (Agriculture & Environment Series)
Sample text
7-fold more adults than 2- to 3-week-old traps. Traps monitored for 11 months reduced weevil populations by 50%. , 1994). , feeding on cotton plants have been trapped using laos weed as bait (Gahukar, 1991). , 1970). Pheromone baits used in traps have been directed largely to attract males, and food baits eliminate any sex bias. Moths are naturally attracted to molasses, fermenting fruit, tree sap, honeydew, and flower nectar (Norris, 1933). ), in fruit orchards (Eyer, 1931). Corn earworm moths, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), were attracted to and killed in a poisoned molasses and vinegar solution.
A tobacco shade cloth, a loosely woven fabric, was tested to exclude the raisin moth from apricots, nectarines, peaches, and raisins. , 1934). 1 Shaking The plum curculio and the pecan weevil were dislodged from infested trees by jarring the trunk or shaking the larger branches. The dislodged adults or “June drops” (Chapman, 1938) were collected on sheets placed beneath the trees and the adults © 2000 by CRC Press LLC PHYSICAL CONTROL OF INSECTS 17 killed. Shaking trees to remove pecan weevils reduced populations by 50% (Baker and Hienton, 1952).
Other row covers tested such as tarpaper collars and diatomaceous earth had no impact on cabbage maggots. Broccoli greenchop mulch, sand, and wood ash increased the number of maggots. Insecticide applications of diazinon reduced maggot numbers as did row covers, but yields were higher than with diazinon treatments (Matthews-Gehringer and Hough-Goldstein, 1988). 3 Trenches When chinch bugs first appeared in outbreak numbers during the mid-1800s, many based control recommendations on the movement of the insect from one crop to another.